Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure


B.L.U.F.A look at FRAP as it applies to civil cases, most Second Amendment challenges are civil cases. Tied to games being played by Everytown in Antonyuk v. Hochul, 22-2972, (2d Cir.)

(1400 words)


There are rules for everything that the courts do. There are standard forms that are to be used. There is a general set of rules, written by congress, and each “court” can have additional, published rules.

When a party does something in a case, they must abide by the rules of that court.

FRAP starts with Rule 1, giving us the scope of the rules.

  1. Scope of Rules.
    1. These rules govern procedure in the United States courts of appeals.
    2. When these rules provide for filing a motion or other document in the district court, the procedure must comply with the practice of the district court.

Of course, since this is the government writing rules for the government, what they give with one hand, they remove with the other:

Rule 2. Suspension of Rules

On its own or a party’s motion, a court of appeals may—to expedite its decision or for other good cause—suspend any provision of these rules in a particular case and order proceedings as it directs, except as otherwise provided in Rule 26(b).

Some of this makes perfect sense, and we see it in use all the time.

For example, we have this docket entry:

MOTION, to file oversized brief, on behalf of Appellant Matthew J. Doran and Steven A. Nigrelli in 22-2908

When looking at the actual motion, it starts with a standard form following FRAP Rule 27.
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Friday Feedback

We end the week with good news out of California. Judge Benitez has ruled that assault weapon bans are unconstitutional.

The case is Miller v. Becerra, 3:19-cv-01537, (S.D. Cal.)

I’ll be doing some writing about F.R.A.P. and this case over the weekend. Maybe I can keep it down to just a few thousand words.

Anybody want to place bets on how many words pour out of my fingers over the weekend?

Regardless, the comments are open, please let us know what you are thinking about, what you want us to write about.

Side story, back in 2016, a bunch of hooligans were defacing my friend’s home. She is a former IDF. At that time, she was a pacifist. I don’t know where she stands on that front at this moment.

The important part was that these monsters were painting NAZI symbols on her door and driveway.

I offered to drive over in the redneck truck and sleep in her driveway for a few days. She didn’t take up the offer.

That offer is extended to J.Kb. if he wants to take us up on it.

My lady offered a great idea to our friend. Our friend rigged an air horn with a trip wire. When the savages showed up that night, they tripped the wire and the air horn went off in their ears. I’m told there were only brown stains on the walk way that night, and no more graffiti.

Ohio, Et Al. v. EPA

B.L.U.F.
How things fit together. It isn’t just Second Amendment items that the Supreme Court is fixing, it is a wealth of other issues. This is just one.
(1700 words)


I’ve been working on software to monitor Supreme Court cases. Both their merits docket and their emergency docket. Most of the entries on the Emergency Docket are requests for “Extend deadline”, today three cases requesting a “Stay” were put on the docket.

Looking at the titles, all were “v. Environmental Protection Agency, et al.”. I decided to find out what was happening that three cases challenging the EPA ere docketed today.

As Second Amendment activists, we know how the government plays their game of infringement. They claim that The People aren’t implicated in this infringement, they claim that the conduct proposed isn’t really protected, they argue that the arm they are banning isn’t an arm, or they claim that it isn’t their burden to prove that an arm is not in common use.

These infringements come from the executive using a “Pen and a phone”, from regulatory agencies making regulations outside their delegated powers. From legislatures passing bills that are simply infringements.

All of them twist the words of the Constitution and Heller to take our protections away.

While I have not looked at the legal foundation for the establishment of the EPA, I’m going to go out on a limb and guess “The Commerce Clause”. In other words, it isn’t part of the enumerated powers granted to the Federal Government.

While we have been in our little niche over here, fighting to hold on to our rights, other groups have been fighting on other fronts. One of the biggest of those scams is the “Climate Emergency!!!!”.
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How I hate Massachusetts

As we know, Massachusetts has some of the worst Second Amendment infringements in the country. They are attempting to worsen it.

To own a firearm in Massachusetts, you have to have the state’s permission. This is a firearm owner’s identification. I don’t know what its official name is. I have been reliably informed that they are called a FID in Massachusetts

I learned about this bit of nasty when I was working for Sun Microsystems down in the Boston area. My boss, who was a gun owner, was telling me the story of how he lost access to his guns for a while.

He, like many other surfs in Massachusetts, got one of these FOID like cards when they were first issued. He was fairly young at the time. The card was good for life.

He had to move somewhere and transferred his firearms to his father for safe keeping. When he came back into the state, he asked his father for his firearms back. His father asked if he had his FOID.

“Of course I have,” he said and pulled out his card.

His father explained to him that the card that was good for life had been cancelled. FOID cards now expired. My boss had to apply and do all the processes to get a new FOID to get his firearms back from his father.

But did you know that you need that same ID to possess ammunition or ammunition components in the kingdom of Massachusetts?

That’s right, you have to show your card to purchase ammo. Or parts to make ammo. Like primers, shell cases, bullets, and powder. All require the king’s permission to purchase or possess.

How bad is this? A few years ago, a history professor went down to Virginia to visit some Civil War battlefields. While there, he found or was given a musket ball from the battle. When he returned to his university, he placed it in a little display on his desk.

Somebody noticed. That somebody then reported it to the police. The police came, identified it as a bullet and asked to see his FOID. This professor was an anti-gun infringer, of course he didn’t have a FOID. He was arrested for having “ammunition components without a FOID”.

This went to court. In court, the judge agreed with the state, and it was later upheld: A 100+ year old musket ball was an ammunition component. The professor got jail time.

Why do I hate them so much? Because I have to enter Mordor from time to time.

A few years back, I was driving down to Mordor to pick up my kids from an event they were attending. I was driving my wife’s car. I happened to notice some 30-06 blank cases sitting in the dash. My kids had picked them up from the Honor Guard rifle solute on Veterans Day.

I didn’t think anything about it until I got home. Then I got the cold sweats. Those empty shell casings were go-to-jail on a felon count for each one if I had been pulled over by a cop. If my wife had been pulled over, it was likely she would have talked herself into extra charges.

Every time I go to Mordor, I check my coat pockets to make sure I haven’t picked up a shell casing, either on purpose or accidentally. I’ve had cases bounce into my pockets when shooting at the range.

Know the regulations for where you are, for where you are going, for the places in between. Then check, double check, and then check again.

There are people out there that would like nothing less than to stitch you up for an extended stay on felony charges because you are a firearms owner.

Vanderstok v. Garland(Frames and Receivers)


B.L.U.F.
As we’ve talked about, cases change numbers and names as they travel through the system.

This is a history of the VanDerStok v. Garland cases as they have moved through the courts. If you make it too the end, it discusses where we are and what the tea leaves have been.
(1400 words)


History

Aug 11, 2022
Complaint filed by Jennifer VanDerStok et al. challenging the ATF’s frame and receiver rule
Aug 17, 2022
Motion for injunction filed by Plaintiffs (Good Guys)
Aug 18, 2022
ATF moves to have the case transferred to a different court.
Aug 29, 2022
The court asks the parties to argue for or against shortening the case by combining the preliminary injunction phase with the merits phase.
Sep 2, 2022
The court grants a preliminary injunction in part. (good news)
Sep 10, 2022
The court declines to transfer the case
Sep 16, 2022
The court orders everybody to hurry up. They want expedited briefings
Oct 1, 2022
The court expands the scope of who is covered by the injunction. (good news)
Oct 25, 2022
The ATF filed the administrative record the day before, the Court now tells everybody that this is going to move fast and be prepared to argue the merits (no preliminary injunction hearings) 14 days after the Court says go.
Nov 1, 2022
The ATF lets the court know they are asking the Fifth Circuit to stop the preliminary injunction
Nov 3, 2022
The Court adds BlackHawk Manufacturing Group to the list of protected parties under the Preliminary Injunction
Dec 23, 2022
The plaintiffs (good guys) file a motion for Summary Judgement
Feb 13, 2023
The ATF files a cross motion for Summary Judgement
Mar 6, 2023
The Court grants Defense Distributed and Second Amendment Foundation coverage under the original preliminary injunction.
Jun 27, 2023
Fifth Circuit court has all briefings in hand and scheduled oral arguments for Sep, 2023
Jul 5, 2023
The court issues its final judgement. In that judgement, they find that the final rule violates ATF’s statutory jurisdiction and vacates the final rule.
Jul 14, 2023
The ATF asks for an Emergency Stay pending appeal
The Fifth Circuit Court dockets a new case.
July 18, 2023
The Court grants a 7-day administrative stay
Jul 25, 2023
The Fifth Circuit calendars the case for Sep 7, 2023.
The District court issues a stay pending appeal
Jul 24, 2023
The Fifth Circuit court stays the vacatur pending appeal
Jul 27, 2023
The ATF requests a stay from the Supreme court regarding the Preliminary Injunction and Final Judgement
Aug 8, 2023
The Supreme Court stays the vacatur of the Northern District Court of Texas. (bad news)
Sep 6, 2023
The Fifth Circuit Court dismisses the appeal because the ATF asked them in one case.
Sep 7, 2023
Oral argument heard before Judges Willett, Engelhardt, Oldham

Sep 14, 2023
The district court enjoins the ATF from enforcing their final rule

Sep 25, 2023
Oral arguments are scheduled for Sep 28, 2023
Sep 28, 2023
Oral arguments are heard
Oct 2, 2023
The Fifth Circuit Court vacates the injunction as to non-parties. (so-so news)
Oct 5, 2023
ATF applies to the Supreme Court to vacate the injunction pending appeal on the Emergency Docket
Oct 6, 2023
Justice Alito stays the injunction administratively for 10 days.
Justice Alito orders all responses to be in place by Oct 11, 2023
Oct 16, 2023
The application is referred to the court
The September 14, 2023, order of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas, case No 4:22-cv-691, is vacated

Injunctions, Vacaturs, Stays and Judgements, Oh My!

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Tuesday Tunes

I think we all have one of these friends:

A couple of years ago, I switched to two different storage methods for reloading. The first is a wall unit with removable bins. Lots of different sized bins available. You can get add on lids for the bins. All in all, a great choice.

Until I realized I had too much. From there I moved to MTM crates and ammo can crates. The simple crates are just sealable boxes of different sizes. Good handles on the side, and they can hold a fair bit. I started storing bullets and other gear of that sort in them. There is one crate that is nothing but misc magazines, for example.

The other crates hold 4 or 5 ammo cans each. 4 50 cal cans or 5 30 cal cans. They have some for their plastic ammo cans and some for regular GI metal cans. I use both.

A few months ago, I found some 8 mm Mauser boxer primer cases. I picked up 125 for a good price. This is good. I can now make freedom delivery systems for the K98. A week or so ago, my Redding 8×57 mm dies showed up. I resized 10 cases, measured them, they don’t need to be trimmed. All good.

I started my research knowing that 8×57 didn’t take the same bullets as 30-06 or 7.62×51 NATO. No problem. In my research, I found what, I thought, was a great piece of interest. This was from my reloading sources, so it was good information.

7×57 mm cartridges use the same bullets as .303 British. This is wonderful! I have lots of .312 bullets.

I can’t find them. They are nowhere to be found. I started tearing the reloading room apart. The crates labeled “bullets” are at the bottom of the stacks. And when I got to them, I found 1000s of bullets. None of them .312.

I became more methodical. I started opening every can to check what was in them. On about the 15th can I open, a 50 cal can, I find it has the neat trays in it. It was at that point I remembered that I had put a number of bullets in those trays, to make it easy to find.

Sure enough, I find my Hornady SST .312 150gr bullets. This is wonderful. I weigh and measure the bullets. 150gr, 0.312, all good. I pull open my sources, yep, 7×57 takes .310-.312. Everything is going well.

I open up my reloading book, pick my powder, IMR 4895, start writing down my planned loads. I’m just about to prime the cases when I look at the bullets and the cases. Those necks look bigger than the bullets. I take a bullet, put it in the neck of the case and it falls in. That neck is larger than the bullet by an unreasonable amount.

Back to the books, 7×57 is 0.310-0.312… Whiskey-Tango-Foxtrot? The references are 7.92 mm by 57 mm. So, 0.312 does seem a little small.

Back to the books, 7×57 is still 0.310-0.312

DOH. No wonder I was rounding off the corners.

I want 8×57, not 7×57.

The Mauser is available in many calibers. 7.92 mm is expressed as 8 mm in the references. They also make a 7.62 by 57 called the 7×57 mm. I was looking up the wrong data.

Be careful out there.

Here’s a higher resolution video by Curb.

First shipments!

J.Kb. took the plunge yesterday and printed mailing labels from WooCommerce. I expect people to start seeing their goods shortly.

Because we are new to this, the hook and loop stuff didn’t get processed correctly. I’m still going to send them, I’ll figure out how to make it work.

Thank you for your patience.

Robert Hunter Biden, firearm charge dropped?

You have got to read the fine print…

On June 20, 2023, the United States filed a single count criminal information charging the Defendant with violating 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(3) and 924(a)(2) related to his illegal possession of a Colt Cobra 38SPL revolver (hereafter the “firearm”) between October 12, 2018 and October 23, 2018. ECF 2. On July 26, 2023, the Defendant had an initial appearance on that charge. See Minute Entry for July 26, 2023.

This is the firearm charge brought by the DoJ against Hunter Biden.

On September 14, 2023, a grand jury returned a three count indictment charging the Defendant with committing crimes in connection with the same firearm, specifically, with violating 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(a)(6) and 924(a)(2) for making a false statement during a background check to deceive a firearms dealer when he acquired the firearm (“Count One”), 18 U.S.C. § 924(a)(1)(A) for making a false statement during a background check on paperwork that the firearms dealer was required to maintain (“Count Two”), again related to the firearm, and 18 U.S.C. §§ 922(g)(3) and 924(a)(2) related to his illegal possession of the firearm between October 12, 2018 and October 23, 2018 (“Count Three”). ECF 39.

The grand jury brought these three counts. Note that the grand jury charges, U.S.C. 18 §922(g)(3). This is the same charge as the United States DoJ brought originally.

Because it is a duplicate and not from a ground jury, the DoJ dropped that “firearm charge”.

This changes nothing. All it does is remove any Fifth Amendment claims from Hunter’s team.

If you hear from other sources that the Feds dropped a firearm charge against Hunter, know that this is the rest of the story.

The Shadow Docket


B.L.U.F.
An explanation of emergency dockets of the circuit courts and the Supreme Court with simple tie in to Duncan v. Bonta, the magazine ban out of California.
(1300 words)


There is a process… There is always a process. How do cases get from here to there?

Once a case has been filed, the case moves forward. At different stages of the case, parties can appeal to the next higher court to seek relief.

There are two paths to the Supreme Court, from the state court system or through the federal court system.

Each state can have its own internal courts, but in general, there is a low-level court, an optional state appeals court, and then a state supreme court. For small states, they might not have a state level court of appeals.

From the state supreme court, the parties can appeal to the U.S. Supreme Court.

On the federal side, a case is filed in a district court. At different stages, the parties can appeal to the circuit court of appeals to seek relief. If they do not receive relief at the circuit level, they can appeal to the Supreme Court.

The Circuit Court of Appeals has two different docketing systems. There is the merits based docket and then there is the emergency docket.

While the parties might think that their particular case is time-critical, the courts do not see it that way. A party can place something on the emergency docket if the matter meets at least some of the Winter factors. These would be irreparable injury, balance of equity, and public interest.
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